gestion hiérarchique

CONT: Il faudrait établir des mécanismes afin que la rétroactivité au-delà de certaines limites prescrites soit approuvée à des niveaux sans cesse plus élevés de la gestion axiale.

CONT: We are moving away from a traditional model of public service based on hierarchical, directive management. We are leaving behind a public service where jobs were based promarily on repetitive, well-defined tasks and predictable activities and where vertical, top-down communications were the norm.