électrode à enzyme

CONT: Les techniques d'immobilisation ou de confinement d'enzymes ou autre matériel biologique se sont largement développées ces dernières années. Parmi les méthodes utilisées pour la réalisation d'électrodes à enzymes, la fixation covalente sur des supports insolubles préalablement activés, la réticulation, l'inclusion dans un gel ainsi que le confinement d'enzymes en solution sont les plus employées.

CONT: The earliest enzyme electrodes consisted of an electrochemical sensor, a semipermeable membrane and an intermediate layer containing the enzyme. This system required diffusion of the substrate through the membrane, there to react with the enzyme and so causing production or consumption of a material which was then measured by the electrochemical sensor.... Later enzyme electrodes dispensed with the semipermeable membrane and to attain more rapid response times used enzymes immobilised on easily accessible surfaces of inorganic supports.
OBS: Indirect enzyme electrodes involve the detection of an enzyme reactant by a specific, usually ion-selective electrode. Direct enzyme electrodes incorporate redox enzymes coupled to an electrode with a flow of electrons between the cofactor involved in the enzyme reaction and the electrode.